Journal Paper Published

Applying Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) on People with Concurrent Visual Impairment and Dementia: A Preliminary Study

Tsang, H. T., Luk, C. L., Lo, Y. L., Chiu, A. T. S., Yip, B. C. B., & Wong, W. W. S.* (2026). Applying Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) on People with Concurrent Visual Impairment and Dementia: A Preliminary Study. Brain Sciences, 16(2), 168.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16020168

Abstract

Background/Objectives: This pilot study explored the applicability and preliminary clinical outcomes of cognitive stimulation therapy (CST), an evidence-based cognitive intervention for people with mild and moderate dementia, in elderly individuals with concurrent dementia and visual impairment. Methods: Seven participants received 14 group CST sessions. Their cognitive and language functions were measured and compared pre-/post-therapy. Results: The treatment adherence was satisfactory. Significant improvements in various cognitive domains and language measures were observed after therapy. Conclusions: The findings suggest that CST can be applied to visually impaired individuals with dementia with seemingly positive outcomes in various cognitive domains. Further studies with a larger sample with an emphasis on multisensory stimulation to facilitate therapy delivery are warranted.

Keywords

cognitive stimulation therapy, dementia, visual impairment, cognitive intervention, functional communication, cognition, language