GRB

Where there is an abrupt change in gradient of temperature in water.

Flow of water caused by change in density (from salinity and/or temperature).

Region of atmosphere between Exosphere and Mesophere, where UV radiation causes ionization.

See definition on Voronoi Diagram.

Where 99.7% of the time, the measurement, when sampled multiple times, will lie within 3 standard deviation from the mean.

Used to segment an input image into two classes based on the given value.

Generally used for navigational purposes, it is the standard elevation defined by a certain phase of the Tide.

Process of dividing survey area into discrete zones, each area are to have similar tidal characteristics.

Rising and falling of the sea, cause by gravitational pull. Type: 1) Spring Tide 2) Neap Tide

Instrument for measuring change in sea level relative to datum.

Adjustments/corrections to sounding in a the tidal zone, derived from water level records at tide stations.

Process of linking different systems together, where systems are highly dependent on each other and can share the workload.

Result from unintentional inclination of the camera optical axis produced by the angular attitude of aircrafts at the instant of exposure which cause unavoidable tilts.

Instrument for Levelling, where telescope is not rigidly fixed onto the vertical spindle and can tilt slightlly on the vertical plane about an axis.

An effect due to Einstein's theories on relativity, where the time on the clock in orbit runs faster than a clock on the surface.

Time component of DOP.

A series of data values obtained over a specific time, often at regular intervals.

Sybolized by dτ, it is the time elapsed between when the signal left the satellite and the instant when it arrives at the receiver.

Radars that radiate very short pulse of electromagnetic energy.

Triangular Irregular Network

Official record of land ownership, can include information such as mortgages, covenants, caveats, and easements.

Telemetry Word

Final endpoint of the line feature.

Written document of the description of route used to arrive at station/point.

""Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things.""

Approach to design and implementation, where implementation starts from the top of the organization or where design is dictated from the top tiers of the organization.

A function to express the number of elements/features that can be maintainted in small scale.

Maps showing the topography/terrain of the surface.

Surveys to determine locations of natural and/or man-made features to aid in map making.

Arrangement of physical features on Earth's surface.

A type of analysis focusing on the topological relation, representing objects by their geometric figures or spaces, undergoing continuous deformation.

The study of topological space of mathematics concerned with the properties inside that are preserved undergoing continuous deformations including stretching and bending.

The basical topology related process, along with topology validating and topology error correcting

Textual information regarding a location.

Infringement of right causing suffering/loss/harm, can result in legal liabilities.

The number of electron in a cross section through the ionosphere, but it is difficult to approximate.

Common type of EDM, which incorporates a theodolite, for measurement in horizontal and vertical axis.

Sample of points collected (observed data) that indicates time variation of amplitude.

Averaging of Trace collected to reduce noise level and to increase dynamic range.

Following the path of underground utility and aligning it with surface markings.

A method to accurately estimate the distance traveled by the incoming signal by continuously following the code and carrier parameters of the incoming signal.

Used for supervised classification,to complied a numercial ""interpretation key "" which describes the spectral attributes for each feature type of interest class.

Device that converts signal from one form of energy to another.

Line spatial sampling units.

Device that can reduce/increase voltage of current.

Rule for adjusting errors in Traverse, where errors of misclosure are distributed proportionally to ΔE and ΔN.

Curve that has a constantly changing radius, generally used for connection between straight lines and curves.

Energy loss in transmission from antenna to material.

Data transmission protocol (e.g., TCP/IP, UDP, etc...).

Cylindrical Map Projection with conformal properties, where the axis of the cylinder lies at the equatorial plane and the line of tangency is at meridian.