GRB

Wave where particles of medium move perpedicular to the direction of the wave (i.e. waves on water).

Method for area calculation, where area bounded by survey line and boundary is divided into a number of small squal parts of a specific length.

Network analysis method for finding the the best route for travelling with the condition that each stop can only be visited once and must start and end at the same stop.

A ground surveying technique that requires a series of distance and angular measurements (runs/lines) are made to determine relative locations of points. Type: 1) Link Traverse 2) Polygon Traverse

See definition on Hierarchical Database.

Works that does not require the use of trenches with minimal disruptions to surface activities (e.g. traffic).

Inexact surface interpolation method for approximating points with known values and a polynomial equation computed by using Least Squares Method, a technique to for estimating a regular grid of points on a surface from scattered observations.

Vector data structure consisting of a series of non-overlapping triangles to represent a surface.

Combination of Triangulation and Trilateration

A method of control surveying for establishing horizontal control using geometric figures composed of triangles and a limited number of baselines.

Theory on color vision, where color is perceived through three different receptors (Cones) in the eye and that all colors are created from the combinations of the three wavelengths (colors) perceived by the receptors.

Functions of an angle, relating angles of a triangle to length of sides. Types: 1) Sine (sin) 2) Cosine (cos) 3) Tangent (tan) 4) Cotangent (cotan/cot) 5) Secant (sec) 6) Cosecant (cosec/csc)

Technique for determining height difference by measuring vertical angles and horizontal distance.

Method for horizontal control survey based on horizontal distance observations.

Difference of phase measurement on two points from two satellites at two different times (difference between two double differences at different ephochs); it assums no cycle clips, no loss of lock, and minimizes integer ambiguity.

See definition on Dependent Lines.

Track

Lowest region of Earth's atmosphere.

Independent of frequency, it adds distance to the range the reciever measures due to refraction caused by water particles in atmosphere, it is non-dispersive for frequencies under 30GHz.

The imaginary line of intersection through North and South Pole, and the origin of Earth's axes on the actual surface.

North according to Earth's axis, Direction of North along the Earth's surface towards the North Pole.

Direction of gravity, direction of plumb line.

Temporary Traffic Arrangements

Individual set of records on the relational database.

Liquid with chaotic changes in its characteristics as it flows.

Network analysis element refering to the cost of making a turn at the network node (e.g., intersection), generally measured in time.

Table to assign turn impedence in network analysis.

Testing method for checking accuracy and precision of levelling equipment.

Generalization of Azimuthal Equidistant Projection, where two points are chosen to configure the projection.

Calculation of distance by measuring the time taken for the signal to travel from the transmitter to the object, which is reflected, and back again by comparing the phase difference between the transmitted signal with return signal.

Visual design of a font.

Process of classifying and aggregating point features that allows for grouping of individual similar features to reduce scale of map.

Style of text (print).

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Universal Description, Discovery and Integration

User Equivalent Range Error

Signals use to enable high resolution measurements.

The electromagnetic radiation adjoins the blue end of the visible portion of the spectrum

Unified Modelling Language

Related to error, accuracy and precision, it is the degree of which the quantity of measurement/observation varies.

Where statistics are matched to a continuous scale, arranged from lowest to highest, which each data point has its own unique colour as specified by the scale.

Where data details have been obscured (i.e., details of locations on map are of low resolution).

Loose material that allows ground water to flow.

A type of adjustment technique using the least squares process to fixe one arbitrary point in order to quality control the GPS network

Surveys to determine locations of underground utilities to be reproduced into drawings/maps/images.

Sub-surface facilities (e.g. telecommunication lines, gase lines, water pipes, storm drains, etc…)

Digitizing error resulting in a gap between arcs.

Propagation of sound and sound qualities in water.

Overlay method to identify area that falls within an identified criteria (A OR B).

Method of quantifying.