Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation System (TMS)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) generates a brief magnetic pulse with field strengths up to several Tesla from a stimulating coil. If the coil is placed over the head of a human subject, the magnetic field will pass through the scalp, cranial bone, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid layer and is able to induce an electric field sufficient to depolarize superficial axons and to activate neural networks in the brain cortex. TMS provides a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain and modulate brain functions.
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES)
Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive, brain stimulation treatment that uses electrical currents to stimulate specific parts of the brain. It modulates neuronal activity by delivering weak current (0.5-2mA) through two electrodes placed on the scalp up to 40 minutes. There are two types of stimulation, anodal stimulation acts to excite neuronal activity while cathodal stimulation acts to inhibit it.
Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation
The Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation (tFUS) System is a state-of-the-art, non-invasive technology designed to precisely modulate brain activity by delivering focused ultrasound waves to targeted neural regions. With millimeter-level accuracy, tFUS supports both research and therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders, enabling deep brain stimulation without the need for surgical procedures. This MRI-compatible system operates at frequencies ranging from 250 kHz to 1000 kHz and achieves focal depths of 60 to 125 mm.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation System 2 (Animal)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain and modulate brain functions by generating a brief magnetic pulse with field strengths up to several Tesla from a stimulating coil. When the coil is placed over the head of a subject, the magnetic field will pass through the scalp, cranial bone, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid layer and is able to induce an electric field sufficient to depolarize superficial axons and to activate neural networks in the brain cortex.
