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88Precision cancer treatmentEvery person is different, and every cancer case is unique. Although cancer treatments have always been personalised to some extent, the latest trend is to tailor treatment plans according to the individual characteristics of each patient, such as their genes, risk factors, and proteins in their cancer cells. When a cell divides to make new cells, its genes should be copied exactly. However, sometimes genes may not be copied correctly. This is called a mutation. Not all mutations are harmful, but some are, and can lead to cancer. Having an abnormal gene may increase the risk of developing certain cancers. A specific gene change may also affect the prognosis of a cancer patient. In precision cancer treatment, a patient is tested for certain gene or protein changes. These changes, known as biomarkers, affect how cancer cells respond to certain treatments. In addition to analysing a patient%u2019s profile for a customised care plan, Prof. Cai%u2019s team also uses advanced technologies, including AI, deep learning, and big data analytics, to target cancer cells more accurately in radiation therapy. This minimises the side effects on healthy cells.HITTING THE BULLSEYEDIGGING DEEPER